| Source | Run-time Error | Absoft | ftn95 | g95 | gfortran | Intel | Lahey | PGI | NAG |
| Percentage Passes1 | 33% | 96% | 51% | 41% | 55% | 86% | 31% | 92% | |
| Benchmark TFFT.for execution time with diagnostic switches (seconds)2 | 12 | 22 | 16 | 8 | 10 | 436 | 7285 | 86 | |
| Can mix checked and unchecked code | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
| ARG1 | argument mismatch – same file | No | Yes5 | Yes3 | No | Yes4 | Yes4 | No | Yes4 |
| ARG2 | argument mismatch – different file6 | No | Yes5 | No | No | Yes4,11 | Yes4 | No | Yes5 |
| ARG3 | Illegal assignment to constant argument – no INTENT specified | No | Yes5 | No | No | Yes5,12 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| ARG4 | Illegal assignment to constant argument – INTENT specified | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes3 | Yes4 |
| ARG5 | Illegal assignment to DO loop variable in SUBROUTINE – no INTENT specified | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| ARG6 | Illegal assignment to DO loop variable in SUBROUTINE – INTENT specified | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes3 | Yes4 |
| ARG7 | Scalar constant passed to array dummy argument | No | Yes5 | No | No | Yes4 | Yes5 | No | Yes4 |
| OARG1 | Illegal use of optional argument | No | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | Yes5,12 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| Source | Run-time Error | Absoft | ftn95 | g95 | gfortran | Intel | Lahey | PGI | NAG |
| ALIAS1 | Aliased dummy argument variable14 | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| ALIAS2 | Aliased dummy argument array | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| BND1 | array bound error – X(100) | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND2 | array bound error – X(N) N is argument | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND3 | array bound error – X(N) N is in COMMON | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND4 | array bound error – X(N) N is in MODULE | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND5 | array bound error – X(*) | No | Yes5 | No | No9 | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| BND6 | array bound error – X(M:N) M and N argument – lower bound violated | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND7 | array bound error – automatic array | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND8 | array bound error – allocatable array | No | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND9 | multi-dimensional array bound error within overall array bounds | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| BND10 | array bound error – assign to dummy argument which is larger than actual argument | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| BND11 | array bound error – pointer array component of derived type | Yes5 | Yes5,12 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 | Yes5 |
| Source | Run-time Error | Absoft | ftn95 | g95 | gfortran | Intel | Lahey | PGI | NAG |
| CBND1 | character bound error – local | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| CBND2 | character bound error – COMMON | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| CBND3 | character bound error – assign to dummy which is larger than actual argument | No | Yes5 | No | No | Yes4 | Yes4 | No | Yes4 |
| CBND4 | character bound error – CHARACTER*(*) | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN1 | uninitialized variable8 – local | No | Yes3,5 | Yes3 | Yes3 | Yes5 | Yes3,5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN2 | uninitialized variable – argument | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes3,5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN3 | uninitialized variable – COMMON | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes3,5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN4 | uninitialized variable – MODULE | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN5 | uninitialized array element – local | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN6 | uninitialized array element – argument | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN7 | uninitialized array element – COMMON | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| Source | Run-time Error | Absoft | ftn95 | g95 | gfortran | Intel | Lahey | PGI | NAG |
| UIN8 | uninitialized array element – MODULE | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN9 | uninitialized array element – local array in SUBROUTINE | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes3,5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN10 | uninitialized array element – automatic arrays | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN11 | uninitialized array element – allocatable arrays | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UIN12 | uninitialized array element – saved arrays | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | No | No | Yes5 |
| UIN13 | uninitialized array element – INTENT(OUT) arrays | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | No | No | Yes5 |
| DO1 | zero increment DO loop | DIV0 | Yes5 | DIV05,12 | No | DIV05,12 | Yes5 | DIV0 | Yes5 |
| DO2 | Illegal assignment to local DO loop variable | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes3 | Yes4 |
| DO3 | Illegal assignment to local DO loop variable via EQUIVALENCE | No | Yes3,5 | No | No | No | Yes3 | No | Yes4 |
| DO4 | Illegal assignment to DO variables in CONTAINed subprogram | No | Yes5 | Yes3 | No | No | Yes5 | No | No |
| Source | Run-time Error | Absoft | ftn95 | g95 | gfortran | Intel | Lahey | PGI | NAG |
| SF1 | SUBROUTINE referenced as a FUNCTION – same file | No | Yes5 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes4 | Yes5 | Yes4 |
| SF2 | SUBROUTINE referenced as a FUNCTION – different file6 | No | Yes5 | No | No | Yes4,11 | Yes4 | No | Yes5 |
| FH1 | Same file opened on 2 different units15 | No | Yes | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | No | Yes | No |
| FMT1 | Illegal run-time format | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 | Yes5 |
|
CONF |
Non-conformant array assignment | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| PTR1 | Assign via pointer after target deallocated | No | Yes5 | No | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| PTR2 | Assign via global pointer to local array after subprogram return | No10 | Yes5 | Yes5 | No | No | Yes5 | No | Yes5 |
| UFL | underflow | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option |
| OFL | overflow | Option | Trap | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option |
| DIV0 | divide zero | Option | Trap | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option | Option |
| IOFL | integer overflow | Silent | Option | Silent | Silent | Silent | Silent | Silent | Option |
| Full trace-back from run-time errors | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Key | |
| DIV0 | Produced Divide Exception |
| Silent | No indication |
| Trap | Execution halted |
| Option | User can select Silent or Trap |
| Compiler Switches | |
| Absoft | f95 -Rb -Rc -Rp -Rs -m2 -dq -TENV:simd_imask=off -TENV:simd_dmask=off -TENV:simd_zmask=off -TENV:simd_omask=off -TENV:simd_umask=off |
| FTN95 | ftn95 %1 /full_undef |
| g95 | g95 -Wall -pedantic -fbounds-check -ftrace=full -std=f2003 |
| gfortran | gfortran -L”C:\Program Files\gfortran\lib” -L”C:\Program Files\gfortran\lib\gcc\i586-pc-mingw32\4.4.0″ -W -Wall -fbounds-check -pedantic-errors -std=f2003 -Wunderflow -O -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,overflow,underflow -g |
| Intel | ifort /check:all /fpe:0 /traceback /warn:all,nodec,interfaces /Qfp-stack-check /automatic /gen_interfaces |
| Lahey | lf95 -chkglobal -g -co -f95 -lst -nsav -stchk -W -xref -fullwarn -trap diou |
| PGI | pgf90 -g -Mbounds -Mchkstk -Mchkptr -Mchkfpstk -Minform=inform -C -Ktrap=divz,fp,ovf,unf |
| Notes | |
| Thanks to Herman D. Knoble and Arnaud Desitter for supplying some of the diagnostic tests. You can find more tests similar to these at Herman’s site: //ftp.cac.psu.edu/pub/ger/fortran/test/ | |
| 1 | “Percentage Passes” is calculated from a total of 51 tests. No score is assigned for exception handling. |
| 2 | Execution Time for TFFT.for, compiled using the diagnostic switches (see table above) – measured on the same machine as the benchmarks. |
| 3 | Compiler issued warning message. |
| 4 | Compiler issued fatal error message – no executable produced. |
| 5 | Run-time message. |
| 6 | Arranged so that error is not visible at compile time. |
| 7 | Yes – if the different files are compiled at the same time. |
| 8 | A variable is “uninitialized” if it has never been assigned a value. Data elements should be initialized before their value is used. The illegal use of an uninitialized variable can sometimes be detected at compile-time, but, because it may be data and flow dependent, usually requires run-time monitoring. |
| 9 | Compile time check – may be defeated in more complex cases. |
| 10 | Page Fault. |
| 11 | Compilation order dependent. Compiler generates .mod file to allow interface checking. |
| 12 | Non-specific error message, but full traceback. |
| 13 | Compiler issued correct error, but did not specify line number. |
| 14 | Spotted by Forcheck. |
| 15 | The test is passed if the program refuses the second open. For some reason, the Fortran standard does not allow a file to be opened twice, even for read-only access. It has been argued to me that allowing the second open is an extension to the standard, rather than a failure to spot an error. |
